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Algorithms

Understanding Disparities in Colorectal Cancer Care | Oncology Brothers

As the host of this podcast episode, we delved into the important topic of colorectal cancer and the disparities that exist in different patient populations. We were joined by Dr. Tanios Bekaii-Saab, a medical oncologist, and Ms. Deneen Richmond, a patient advocate and nurse. Deneen shared her personal journey with rectal cancer, highlighting the challenges faced by patients, especially those from underrepresented minority backgrounds.

Dr. Bekaii-Saab discussed the disparities in access to colorectal cancer screening and treatments, emphasizing the importance of early detection and prevention. Both guests highlighted the barriers to screening, including stigma, lack of awareness, and trust issues within communities of color.

The conversation also touched on the rising trend of colorectal cancer in younger patients and the need for tailored education and awareness campaigns. Dr. Bekaii-Saab emphasized the importance of cultural sensitivity and community engagement in raising awareness about colorectal cancer.

Overall, the episode underscored the need for healthcare providers to listen to their patients, address disparities, and work towards improving access to screening and treatment options. The guests emphasized the importance of collaboration, education, and advocacy in ensuring better outcomes for all patients affected by colorectal cancer.

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Algorithms Hematology

Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma Treatment Algorithm with Dr. Samer Al’Hadidi

In this episode of our hematology podcast, we delved into the realm of relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma with Dr. Samir Al-Hadidi from the University of Arkansas. The discussion highlighted the evolving treatment landscape for patients who experience relapse or disease progression after initial therapies.

Dr. Al-Hadidi emphasized the importance of monitoring patients on maintenance therapy for relapse. When it comes to escalating treatments for relapsed patients, the introduction of anti-CD38-based regimens with companion drugs like proteasome inhibitors or immunomodulators was discussed as a common approach.

The conversation also touched upon the role of CAR-T cell therapy and bispecific antibodies in the treatment of multiple myeloma, with Dr. Al-Hadidi stressing the need for collaboration between community oncologists and specialized centers to ensure access to these advanced therapies. The discussion further explored the side effects and supportive care required for patients undergoing CAR-T or bispecific treatments.

Dr. Al-Hadidi provided insights into the use of Selenexor and bispecific antibodies, highlighting the efficacy and considerations for choosing between BCMA-based and GPRC5D-based therapies. The importance of considering older drugs like alkylators and personalized treatments like venetoclax for specific patient subsets was also emphasized.

Overall, the episode underscored the dynamic nature of multiple myeloma treatment options and the crucial role of community oncologists in managing relapsed and refractory cases effectively. Collaboration, monitoring for side effects, and staying informed about emerging therapies were key takeaways for listeners navigating the complex landscape of multiple myeloma treatment.

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Algorithms

Liver Directed Therapies – Interventional Radiology & Radiation Oncologist Perspective

In this episode of the Oncology Brothers podcast, we delved into the world of localized treatment options for gastrointestinal malignancies. Hosts Drs. Rahul and Rohit Gosain were joined by experts in the field, including Drs. Nina Sanford, Jeff Ryckman, and Harris Chengazi, who provided insights from the perspectives of radiation oncology and interventional radiology.

The discussion covered the basics of radiation oncology terminology, such as SRS, SBRT, and proton therapy, highlighting the advancements in treatment modalities over the past decade. Dr. Sanford emphasized the evolution of radiation therapy for liver cancer, particularly HCC, due to technological advancements like SRS and SBRT.

Dr. Ryckman discussed the considerations for liver-directed therapy in patients with HCC, emphasizing the importance of a multidisciplinary approach and patient-specific treatment decisions. He highlighted the role of SBRT for larger tumors with macrovascular invasion and the need for collaboration between radiation oncologists and interventional radiologists.

Dr. Chengazi provided insights into the interventional radiology toolkit, discussing various techniques like percutaneous ablation, chemoembolization, and radioembolization for liver tumors. He emphasized the complexity of treatment decisions based on tumor characteristics and patient factors.

The hosts concluded by stressing the significance of a multidisciplinary approach in cancer care, where collaboration between medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, and interventional radiologists is crucial for optimal patient outcomes. The episode underscored the importance of understanding and utilizing the available local treatment modalities to provide personalized care for patients with gastrointestinal malignancies.

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Algorithms

Discussing Treatment Algorithm for Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma with Dr. Caitlin Costello

As hosts of the Oncology Brothers podcast, we had the privilege of discussing newly diagnosed multiple myeloma with Dr. Caitlin Costello from UC San Diego. Dr. Costello emphasized the importance of updated diagnostic criteria and highlighted the shift towards identifying biomarkers for early intervention. She stressed the significance of a comprehensive workup including blood tests, bone imaging, and bone marrow biopsy.

When it comes to treatment, Dr. Costello emphasized the individualized approach based on risk stratification and patient characteristics. For transplant-eligible patients, quadruplet therapy with daratumumab was recommended for better outcomes. For transplant-ineligible patients, triplet therapy with lenalidomide and dexamethasone was suggested, with a focus on tolerability and durability of response.

The discussion also touched on monitoring response post-induction therapy, with a focus on minimal residual disease (MRD) as a potential surrogate endpoint. Dr. Costello highlighted the importance of maintaining MRD negativity and the ongoing research in this area. The conversation also delved into maintenance therapy post-transplant, with considerations for standard-risk and high-risk patients.

In cases of multiple myeloma with renal failure, Dr. Costello recommended an urgent start with a combination of monoclonal antibody, bortezomib, and dexamethasone to address kidney damage caused by light chains. The episode concluded with practical tips for community oncologists, including the importance of discontinuing dexamethasone, monitoring biomarkers, and providing prophylaxis for potential complications.

Overall, the episode provided valuable insights into the evolving landscape of multiple myeloma treatment, emphasizing the need for personalized approaches and ongoing research to improve patient outcomes. Stay tuned to the Oncology Brothers podcast for more updates in hematology oncology.

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Algorithms

Discussion on Evolving CLL Treatment Strategies with Dr. Nitin Jain

As the host of this podcast episode focusing on hematologic malignancies, we had the privilege of discussing CLL treatment options with Dr. Nitin Jain from MD Anderson Cancer Center. Dr. Jain provided valuable insights on determining when a patient with CLL needs treatment, the minimal workup required, and the decision-making process between time-limited venetoclax and long-term BTK inhibitors. We delved into the importance of cytogenetic markers, such as deletion 17P and TP53 mutation, in guiding treatment choices. Dr. Jain highlighted the significance of IGHV mutation analysis and the evolving landscape of CLL treatment, including the use of second-generation BTK inhibitors like Acalabrutinib and Zanabrutinib.

We also explored the considerations for using venetoclax with or without Obinutuzumab, as well as the challenges and benefits associated with each approach. Dr. Jain shared his expertise on managing side effects, logistical challenges, and patient preferences when selecting treatment options. Additionally, we discussed the emerging therapies for patients who have failed first and second-line treatments, such as Partobrutinib and CAR T-cell therapy.

Overall, this episode provided a comprehensive overview of the current treatment landscape for CLL, emphasizing the importance of individualized patient care and the exciting advancements in hematologic malignancy treatment. Stay tuned for more discussions on myeloma and myelofibrosis in future episodes. Thank you for joining us on this informative journey through the world of oncology.

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Journal Club

FRESCO2 Study: FDA Approval of Fruquintinib for Refractory Colorectal Cancer

In this episode of The Oncology Brothers podcast, we delved into the unmet need for treatment options in colorectal cancer, particularly in the metastatic space after the second line. The focus was on the FRESCO2 study, which led to the approval of fruquintinib in the United States. Dr. Arvind Dasari, the study’s lead author, joined us to discuss the study design and findings.

Fruquitinib, an oral VEGF tyrosine kinase inhibitor, showed significant improvements in progression-free survival and overall survival compared to placebo in refractory colorectal cancer patients. The study included patients who had exhausted all available therapies, making it a valuable option in the third-line setting and beyond.

The podcast highlighted the tolerability of fruquitninib, with manageable side effects such as hypertension, rash, and fatigue. The discussion also compared fruquintinib and other treatment options like TAS-102 plus bevacizumab, emphasizing the importance of individualized treatment decisions based on patient preferences and clinical situations.

Overall, the episode provided valuable insights into the role of fruquintinib in refractory colorectal cancer and its potential impact on improving patient outcomes in this challenging disease setting.

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Gastrointestinal Cancer Journal

Standard of Care Treatment for Upper GI Cancer: A Discussion with Dr. Sam Klempner

In this episode of the Oncology Brothers podcast, we were joined by Dr. Sam Klempner, a medical oncologist specializing in upper GI malignancies. The focus of the discussion was on treatment strategies for upper GI adenocarcinomas, specifically esophageal, GE junction, and gastric cancers.

Dr. Klempner highlighted the importance of staging, imaging, endoscopy, pathology, and biomarkers in guiding therapy for non-metastatic patients. The discussion delved into neoadjuvant chemoradiation followed by surgery, adjuvant nivolumab consideration, and the evolving paradigm of perioperative chemotherapy.

The conversation also touched on the significance of MSI status and its impact on treatment decisions, particularly in the context of immunotherapy. Dr. Klempner emphasized the role of comprehensive NGS testing and the potential future implications of Claudin 18.2 and Zolbetuximab in the treatment landscape.

In the metastatic setting, the discussion revolved around HER2-targeted therapy, the addition of pembrolizumab, and the management of progressive disease. The potential use of TDXD as a second or third-line therapy was also explored, along with considerations for managing side effects, particularly interstitial lung disease.

Overall, the episode provided a comprehensive overview of the current treatment strategies and emerging trends in upper GI malignancies, offering valuable insights for oncologists navigating the complex landscape of gastrointestinal cancers.

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Algorithms

Standard of Care Treatment for Colon Cancer: A Discussion with Dr. Aparna Parikh

In this episode of Oncology Brothers, we had the privilege of discussing the management of colon cancer with Dr. Aparna Parikh, a medical oncologist from Mass General Hospital. Dr. Parikh provided valuable insights into the treatment algorithm for colon cancer, focusing on localized disease and metastatic space.

We delved into the use of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in risk stratification for stage III patients, highlighting the importance of personalized treatment decisions based on clinical and molecular information. Dr. Parikh emphasized the significance of patient-centered care, especially for younger patients, in determining treatment regimens.

The discussion also touched on the management of stage III colon cancer, including the utilization of chemotherapy and the consideration of side effects in treatment decisions. Dr. Parikh shared her approach to first-line treatment in metastatic colon cancer, incorporating both sightedness and molecular information to tailor therapy for each patient.

Furthermore, we explored the evolving landscape of immunotherapy in MSI-high patients, discussing the potential benefits and considerations in treatment selection. Dr. Parikh provided insights into second and third-line treatment options, including the use of TAS-102 and Bevacizumab, fruquintinib, highlighting the importance of individualized care and monitoring for optimal outcomes.

Overall, the episode provided a comprehensive overview of the current treatment strategies for colon cancer, incorporating the latest research findings and clinical considerations. Listeners were encouraged to stay informed and engaged in the advancements in colon cancer treatment.

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Gastrointestinal Cancer Journal

Unpacking the Treatment Algorithm of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Dr. Tanios S. Bekaii-saab

In this episode of the podcast, the Oncology Brothers were joined by Dr. Tanios S. Bekaii-saab from Mayo Clinic to discuss the treatment landscape for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The discussion focused on various aspects of HCC management, including early-stage treatment options such as liver transplant and local therapies like Y90, SBRT, or ablation.

For advanced or metastatic disease, the conversation delved into the use of Atezolizumab with Bevacizumab or dual checkpoint inhibitors based on the stride regimen. Dr. Tanios S. Bekaii-saab emphasized the importance of considering patient factors and performance status when choosing between treatment regimens.

The episode also touched on treatment options beyond the frontline and provided clinical pearls regarding the management of available TKIs. Overall, the discussion highlighted the complexity of HCC treatment decisions and the need for a multidisciplinary approach to patient care.

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Journal Club

Breakthrough in Bladder Cancer: FDA approval – Enfortumab Vedotin + Pelbrolizumab with Dr. Tom Powles

In this podcast episode, the Oncology Brothers, Drs. Rahul and Rohit Gosain, had the privilege of interviewing Dr. Thomas Powles, a medical oncologist whose work on the EV302 study has significantly impacted the field of bladder cancer treatment. The study focused on the combination of Enfortumab and Pembrolizumab as a first-line treatment for advanced or metastatic bladder cancer. Dr. Powles highlighted the transformative results of the study, showing a substantial improvement in overall survival benefit compared to traditional chemotherapy.

The EV302 study demonstrated a median survival of 31.5 months with the Enfortumab and Pembrolizumab combination, compared to 16.1 months with chemotherapy. Dr. Powles emphasized the importance of managing the side effects of this new treatment regimen, including skin toxicities, neuropathy, and immune-related adverse events. He provided insights on how to effectively address these toxicities to ensure patient safety and treatment efficacy.

Furthermore, Dr. Powles discussed the potential role of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in monitoring disease progression and treatment response, particularly in the adjuvant setting. He also touched upon the possibility of stopping Enfortumab in patients who have achieved a complete response to the treatment, highlighting the potential for durable remission and improved quality of life.

Overall, the podcast episode shed light on the groundbreaking EV302 study and the paradigm shift it has brought to the treatment algorithm for bladder cancer. The Oncology Brothers expressed their gratitude to Dr. Powles for sharing his expertise and insights, providing valuable information for oncologists and patients navigating the evolving landscape of bladder cancer treatment.

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Dr. Rahul

Dr. Rahul is a Chief of Medical Oncology, making up one-half of the ‘Oncology Brothers.’ He is a valued member of the Guthrie Corning Cancer Center, contributing his extensive knowledge of technology